用法，读音为 yòng fǎ，是汉语词汇，解释为使用的方式﹑方法。以下是小编整理的关于GRE作文机经高效率提分用法【七篇】，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
GRE作文机经高效率提分用法1
GRE阅读考前刷机经能冲刺提分
GRE阅读机经提分作用好?
GRE阅读机经如果使用得当，可以对于GRE考试成绩有一定程度的提高。如果是一个水平不高的GRE考试者，利用机经则有可能使你的成绩轻松提高数十分，即使是高手也能有稳定情绪节约时间的效果。GRE阅读机经是通过对机经的回忆而整合出来的资料库性质的复习材料。既然是机经回忆，研究GRE阅读机经肯定会对熟悉考试内容有所帮助。
但是，GRE阅读机经毕竟是靠回忆得来的资料，难免会存在一些误差和失真，比如题目的不完整，答案也因人而异，值得商榷和斟酌。由于GRE题库中题目的会重复出现，所以在考场上看到阅读机经的几率是大大存在的。
GRE阅读机经提分要这么刷
小编需要特别提醒大家的是，不建议考生完全依赖于GRE机经备考，更不能只靠死背记住机经答案就觉得考试万无一失了。考生还是应该以理解题目、熟悉出题思路和解答方法作为主要突破口进行机经的学习和研究。具体来说，考生看阅读机经，主要还是了解一下文章所讲的内容，对于题目会考到的一些细节留意其原文所在位置，还有主旨题态度题等涉及到的相关内容也要留下一定影响。但大家千万不要花功夫去把具体每道题目选哪个选项都背下来，因为考试中即使遭遇到也很少会原样照搬。如果只是死记硬背下了答案，考试题目稍稍做些改动就可能会让你反受其害，所谓机经反噬正是如此。
认清机经价值才能发挥提分作用
虽然GRE阅读机经会为你的备考带来一定的便利，但正如很多GRE老师和考生都总结过的，GRE机经可以帮你，但救不了你。GRE考试说到底还是考察考生的综合实力，如果底子打不好，基础不扎实，想要靠着机经投机取巧搞定考试是不现实的。同学们还应该以平时的备考练习为主，脚踏实地的积累实力，为考试做好充分的准备，在这个基础上学习参考GRE阅读机经，才能让其发挥出最大的价值。
GRE阅读真题
The more definitions a given noun has, the more valuable is each one. Multiple definitions, each subtly different from all the others, convey multiple shades of meaning. They expand the uses of the word; language is enriched, thought is widened, and interpretations increase or dilate to fill the potentialities of association. The very impossibility of absoluteness in the definition of certain nouns adds to the levels of connotation they may reach. The inner life of a writer often says more than most readers can know; the mind of a reader can discover truths that go beyond the intent or perhaps even the comprehension of the writer. And all of it finds expression because a word can mean many things.
1. In the context in which it appears, “shades” (line 2) most nearly means
A. reminders
B. nuances
C. obscurities
D. coverings
E. degrees
2. The passage suggests that a writer’s use of nouns that have multiple definitions can have which of the following effects on the relationship between writer and reader?
A. It can encourage the reader to consider how the writer’s life might have influenced the work.
B. It can cause the reader to become frustrated with the writer’s failure to distinguish between subtle shades of meaning.
C. It can allow the reader to discern in a work certain meanings that the writer did not foresee.
D. It allows the writer to provide the reader with clues beyond the word itself in order to avoid ambiguity.
E. It allows the writer to present unfamiliar ideas to the reader more efficiently.
GRE阅读：飞鼠寻找食物
The objective of this study was to evaluate how northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus) locate truffles (Gautieria monticola), a subterranean and ephemeral but primary food source. Thus, we evaluated the importance of three factors to the foraging behavior of northern flying squirrels: (i) olfactory chemicals that emanate from truffles; (ii) the presence of coarse woody debris (decaying l.s), which are often associated with fungi; and (iii) we explored the potential role animal memory could play in truffle detection as well. In a foraging arena, squirrels successfully retrieved buried truffles that lacked aboveground cues in 19 of 30 trials and failed to search near treatments that lacked truffles alt.ether, confirming the importance of olfaction to squirrel foraging. However, squirrels also retrieved truffles that were associated most frequently with surface l.s (27 of 30). In addition, the initial detection rate of the truffle + l. treatment was significantly greater than the truffle-only treatment. Thus, although squirrels search for truffles primarily using olfaction, they may also benefit by searching near coarse woody debris on the forest floor as an aboveground cue to truffle locations. In addition, because 82% of Sierra Nevada truffle-fruiting locations that were marked in yielded truffles again the following 2 years, mycophagous animals like northern flying squirrels may benefit by memorizing fruiting locations and foraging at these same locations from year to year.
GRE阅读
GRE作文机经高效率提分用法2
GRE写作提分必备9个精彩句式用法介绍 合理运用让文章更有看头
1、表示否定用倒装句
使用否定的时候，比如：什么什么对个人不好，对社会也不好之类的题目，使用倒装句效果肯定比简单的否定句更好，比如：Never/neither/nor/seldom/rarely/on no account + is…
2、虚拟语气用倒装句
当你想表达“如果怎么怎么样，就是另外一种情况”的时候，使用虚拟语气的倒装句，能起到强调作用，加强语气，比如：Were(Had) it…，something would...
3、强调句
强调句的使用可以凸显观点，是GRE写作中必备的一种句式，常用的强调句写法如下：It is people who…/ it is something that…
4、让步句式
使用让步句式，可以给文章增添论证条理性和说服力，同时让步句式自带承上启下的效果，会是文章读起来更加通顺，常用的有：
“无论什么样的情况下”However[No matter how] whatever[no matter what]等等…。
或者Cogent as this response is, it has some minor errors. Somewhat reasonable as the issue presents, it does not experience a case-by- case examination。
还有比较常用的although... It should be admittedly that…，however it does not follow that/
5、疑问句
常用于段落开头提出问题，之后再自问自答提出自己观点。也可用于段中，比如举假设的例子：Can you imagine that…?/ How can one imagine…?
6、定语从句
这个应该是考生一般都会使用，且用得相对熟练的句式，考生使用上可能会出现太过繁琐的问题，一般常用的句式如下：…society where(in which)…，/ something on which we depend (on which…based)
7、The more…the more…句式
这个应该也是很常用的句式了。比如人们越幸福，社会越稳定之类的意思等。
8、Not only…but also...句式
同样是很经典的句式，很多ETS的经典满分范文中都经常可以看到，比如那篇专才VS通才的文章就使用了两次。
9、without的使用
正面说完了说反面，常常会用到without来转折，不仅能体现论证的全面性，还能够增加字数。上面提到的那篇经典范围的结尾，就使用了两个非常到位的without。
关于GRE写作常用黄金句式的盘点就到这里，大家在平时练习时也可以尝试多使用一些经典句式，来为自己的文章增光添彩，如果能熟练使用这些黄金句式，那么在GRE写作中必然能取得更优秀的成绩。
GRE阅读写作分析-Shelter from the storm
Homelessness is rising, but the government is trying to help
MANY come to the centre for homeless families in the Bronx with everything they own—a toddler in one hand, a suitcase in the other. New York is seeing a rising number of homeless families because of the recession. In February nearly 40% more applied for shelter in New York than had done a year earlier.
(又是这种引入式的开头哇，赞赞赞赞赞)
It is the same story all across the country.(这句很自然的引出下文了) San Francisco had to open its winter shelter two months early last year. Louisville, Kentucky, reported an increase of more than 58% in family homelessness in . Although national data on homelessness in 2008 will not become available for several months, most agree that there are “staggering increases”, according to Ellen Bassuk, executive director of the National Centre on Family Homelessness.
Some cities, like Boston(开始举例具体说，以点带面), have adopted a desperate solution to put a roof over people’s heads: motels. Entire families are placed in one room at these “welfare motels”, which are often far away from schools and grocery stores. Geography is not their only drawback. They are an expensive way of housing people(house的动词~), costing governments as much as $100 per room each night. And many motels do not have caseworkers assigned to them, so people sent there do not get the same support they would have received in shelters.
嗯，问题介绍完开始讲解决办法
To help both the homeless and cash-strapped local governments, the federal government has made $1.5 billion available through the stimulus bill, passed in February. The money, which doubles the federal funds available to fight homelessness, is being allocated to cities and states to try to stop the problem occurring. The money will help families pay rent and utility bills, as well as increasing “case-management units” to help people find jobs and get rehoused. The money should be rolled out in the next few months, and cities and states receiving it have been urged to spend it quickly.
下面其实是作者通过两个方面对解决办法进行了验证，很严谨，并在最后引人深思~
Advocates for the homeless are pleased. The National Alliance to End Homelessness estimated at first that an extra 1.5m people could become homeless in this recession; it now thinks the numbers will be lower thanks to the government.
But not everyone is dancing in the streets. Larry Meredith, director of the Department of Health and Human Services in Marin County, California, objects that the new surge of funding is for prevention only, and will not go towards maintaining existing services for those who are already homeless. According to Mr Meredith, a shelter that provides beds for about 60 people in Marin will probably soon close because of lack of funding. Its residents will lose yet another home, of sorts.
文章思路很流畅，简单而严谨~
嗯，这篇表达数据的句子挺丰富啦~用下划线标出啦~
没有什么长难句，就是以后写数据啥的可以借鉴一下这里的写法
大家不妨模仿这篇文章，来进行练习。
GRE考试写作范文精选：幸福感的来源
What factors are important in achieving happiness?
When asked what they are after in their life, people tend to say that happiness is the most important, if not the only, goal in life. But as you may realize, it is not an easy thing to do to give a definition of happiness, because different people may have different interpretations of happiness based on their own life experiences. While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships. Yet others think that spiritual paths, rather than either the material world or relationships with people, are the only way to true happiness.
Personally, I think the following factors contribute to one"s happiness. First, we need to have a realistic target in life. Many people often feel disappointed or even frustrated in their life and complain that they are doomed to failure. The cause of their unhappiness lies in the fact that they have too high a life target. Second, when a life goal is set we should make efforts to realize it. There is much in the saying that happiness lies in the pursuit of one"s goal. Quite a few people have one after another goal in their life. But they never really start to turn them into reality. As a result, their life goals bring them nothing but unhappiness. Third, we should treat the others as we hope to be treated. Human beings are social animals. Inevitably we often depend on the others in our society for a happy life. We should not be egocentric. Instead we have the obligation to make the others happy, and in this way we will all be able to live in a pleasant society.
In the final analysis, happiness lies in the pursuit of one"s realistic goal. If we take such an attitude, we will be able to live a happy life and thus bring happiness to the people around us.
GRE作文机经高效率提分用法3
为什么要用GRE数学机经?
1、节约实战时间
如果碰到机经题目，可以节约一些计算的时间和读题目的时间，因为在做机经时，你已经知道这个题目到底是在讲什么了。
2、提前做梳理和总结
记到心里的才是自己的。如果碰到大量的机经题目，你可以判断出自己哪些地方是薄弱的，哪些公式我还是记不住，可以帮大家有重点的进行强化并更新自己的知识体系。
3、心里暗示
在实战时，由于反复出现机经题目，你会觉得自己有了安全感，这会使大家在考试的时候更加镇定，认为自己在“库”里，这样就有取得高分的机会。
GRE数学机经使用注意事项
有的同学很疑惑，为什么数学底子也不差，甚至还整理过机经，但是数学就是上不了170呢? GRE数学分数只跟你的正确率挂钩，数学难度不大，再加上有机经辅助，很多同学实战中一看到机经想也不想就点击，心算秒杀，殊不知，机经答案有时候不完全正确，况且还有变体的情况出现，所以小编在此奉劝各位，使用GRE数学机经的时候，不要死记硬背答案，不要纠结于题目细节，考试中遇见原题的变体也不要慌乱，保持心平气和地认真对待每一个题。合理使用草稿纸，不要弄得乱七八糟还得重新计算。摆脱对于GRE数学机经的过度依赖，你才能真正拿到数学高分。
GRE数学机经使用时间节点
如果考生本身数学基础比较好，那么可以等待机经题目比较清晰的时候(一般在考前一周左右)再开始看，花上两三天时间集中突破，不要背答案，自己做题计算。因为很多考生回忆的也不是完全准确，所以大家一定要自己做，才能知道哪里还有不足，哪里还需要加强。
如果考生自身数学基础并不扎实，那么小编建议你最好每天都看机经，每天跟进，集中突破反而起不到好的效果。每天跟进不是说背答案，而是做原题，对答案，看一下自己的错误，有哪些欠缺，抓紧时间解决，问同学老师或者是一同备考的考友，当然，如果实在很难得的题目，也可以背，但是要确保把题目也一字不漏的背下来，以防变体，变体不可怕，就怕你不知道是变体，还美滋滋的把答案选上。所以要么全背要么不背。
GRE作文机经高效率提分用法4
GRE作文提分从重视细节开始 关注这4个写作要点高分更有把握
时间安排
GRE写作要求考生在2个30分钟的限制时间段内分别完成一篇ARGUMENT文章和一篇ISSUE文章的写作，考生需要在30分钟内完成从读题审题到写完全文的工作，时间上的要求可谓相当紧迫。为了在短暂的时间内写出优质的文章，考生需要学会合理安排写作的时间，用多少时间看题、构思、列提纲、写文章。每个环节都需要进行详细的安排并通过备考进行练习，把时间管理和控制能力练好。
文章字数
GRE写作字数虽然没有明确的规定，但一般建议还是应至少在400字以上为佳，字数太少，往往意味着没有进行足够充分的论述，会给考官留下考生没有管理好写作时间，或者缺乏写作能力的印象，最终得分一般也不会太高。当然字数过多，但满篇都是凑字数的废话空话，也同样会影响得分。所以如果能够在保证进行充分论述的基础上，把字数控制在400-600字之间，往往是比较合适的。
机经真题
GRE考试是非常系统而且专业的语言水平测试，它有着庞大的题库，有些题目也会重复出现，所以考生可以通过了解官方作文题库和以往考题，对题目的类型和内容进行充分把握，为考试做好充分准备。当然，对于预测性的机经，比如下场考试会出现什么题型，建议大家还是应谨慎对待，不要抱有投机心理，应该以提升自身写作实力为重。
文体注意事项
让我们通过具体的例子来了解此类文章书写和文体的特点
1. N2O wasn"t produced until 1990, after which, its production grew rapidly.
GRE文章为正式文体，所以尽量不要出现缩写，wasn"t建议写成was not 。
2. The bottles are first divided by color into clear, brown and clear ones which are then washed by high-pressurised water.
拼写出现问题。在GRE写作中，英式和美式拼写都接受，但小编建议考生还是尽量做到两者不混淆。如or和our,se和ze。or和ze为美式拼写，而our和se为英式拼写。
3. Nowadays, more and more people have private cars.
more and more词汇过于简单，我们可以用an increasing number of来替代。
4. Let all of us make great efforts to construct a more civilised China!
此句子喊口号，抒发情感。GRE两篇作文为立论和驳论类文章，不需要任何形式的情感抒发和口号，所以这句话不适合这样的语言环境。
细节决定成败，GRE作文考试也是如此，大家在备考时，不仅需要努力提升自身写作水平，也应该对上文提及的各类高分细节多加注意，如此，才能确保在考场上万无一失的发挥出自身实力，取得作文高分。
GRE分类词汇记忆：巨大
8.2.1 巨大，强大
astronomical adj. 庞大的
bulk n. 大身躯;体积;数量;大多数
colossal adj. 巨大的，庞大的
colossus n. 巨人;巨型雕像
elephantine adj. 庞大的，笨拙的
enormous adj. 极大的，巨大的
gargantuan adj. 巨大的，庞大的
immense adj. 极大的;无限的
immensity n. 巨大之物;无限
mammoth adj. 巨大的;(n. 猛犸象)
massive adj. 巨大的，厚重的
monolithic adj. 巨大的，巨石的
monstrous adj. 巨大的;可怕的 (monster n. 妖怪)
monumental adj. 极大的;纪念碑的
mountainous adj. 巨大的;多山的
prodigious adj. 巨大的
stupendous adj. 巨大的，大得惊人的
titanic adj. 巨人的，力大无比的
tremendous adj. 巨大的;惊人的
impregnable adj. 征服不了的，攻不破的
irrepressible adj. 无法约束或阻止的
mighty adj. 强有力的，强大的;(adv. 非常)
nonesuch n. 无匹敌的人
nonpareil adj./n. 无匹敌的(人)
overpowering adj. 压倒性的，不可抗拒的
overwhelming adj. 压倒性的，势不可挡的
peerless adj. 无可匹敌的
peremptory adj. 不容反抗的;专横的
predominant adj. 有势力的
predominate v. 支配，统治;占优势
puissant adj. 强有力的，强大的
titanic adj. 力大无比的，巨人的
GRE分类词汇记忆：贫困
8.1.3 贫困
destitute adj. 穷困的;贫乏的
destitution n. 穷困，匮乏
impecunious adj. 贫困的，一文不名的
impoverish v. 使成赤贫
indigence n. 贫穷
indigent adj. 贫穷的，贫困的
necessitous adj. 贫困的;急需的
needy adj. 贫穷的
penury n. 贫穷;吝啬
privation n. 贫困，丧失 (privacy n. 私下，隐居 privative adj. 剥夺性的)
stringent adj. 缺钱的;(规定)严格的，苛刻的
want n. 贫困，缺乏，需要
GRE分类词汇记忆：复杂
8.5.3 复杂
abstruse adj. 难懂的，深奥的
complicate v. 使某事复杂化 (complicated adj. 复杂的 complication n. 复杂的情况)
convoluted adj. 费解的;旋绕的
elaborate adj. 复杂的，精致的;v. 详尽地说明，阐明
elliptical adj. 晦涩的;椭圆的;省略的 (ellipse n. 椭圆)
elusive adj. 难懂的
hermetic adj. 深奥的;密封的
inscrutable adj. 高深莫测的，神秘的 (inscrutability n. 神秘)
intricacy n. 复杂，错综，纷乱
intricate adj. 复杂难懂的
obscure adj. 难理解的;不清楚的;v. 隐藏;使…模糊
obscurity n. 费解;不出名
opacity n. 晦涩，不透明性
opaque adj. 难懂的;不透明的
profound adj. 深奥的，渊博的;深的，深刻的 (profundity n. 深奥，深刻)
recondite adj. 深奥的
Byzantine adj. 难变更的;像迷宫似的
illegible adj. 难读的，难认的
GRE作文提分从重视细节开始
GRE作文机经高效率提分用法5
GRE作文机经高效率提分用法指点 学会方法冲上4分不是梦
GRE作文机经构成形式介绍
在使用GRE作文机经之前，考生首先要了解GRE作文机经的基本构成形式。一般来说，一份合格的GRE作文机经中，不仅会包含一定数量的作文题目，也会有对于作文题目的初步解析，包括对题目的简单翻译，一些写作思路上的要点指导或者提纲等等。如果只有最基础的题目，那么这份作文机经在小编来看并不算太合格，毕竟想看题目的话直接去ETS官网的题库就可以看到所有题目，这样只提供题目的机经其实价值并不大。所以，考生在使用机经前，首先要做的就是挑选一份较为合格，有更高参考价值的作文机经。
GRE作文机经如何使用?
知道了GRE作文机经的构成形式后，接下来大家就需要学习一下GRE作文机经的具体使用方法了，有鉴于不同考生在冲刺阶段的学习时间可能存在较大差异，这里小编暂时把考生按照可以使用的备考时间来划分为两类，不同考生对GRE作文机经的使用有所差异：
1. 备考时间较为充足的考生
对备考时间充足的考生来说，GRE作文机经使用方法其实是相当简单粗暴的，那就是尽可能多的练题目，理论上机经中包含的每道作文题目都练习一遍自己动笔写一下文章自然是最好的。当然这会花费相当多的时间，哪怕是备考时间充足的考生可能也会觉得力不从心。那么大家也可以考虑更简便一些的方法，那就是不练整篇作文，而是以练习列提纲的方式来提升备考效率。每篇文章都主动思考一下自己会怎么写，然后ISSUE列出论点，ARGUMENT列出反驳的逻辑漏洞，总之尽量列出一个相对完整的写作思路提纲。这种方式虽然比不上完整动笔写文章的训练方式，却也能帮助大家理清各类作文题目的写作思路，做到对所有题目心中有数。
另外，备考时间充足的考生还可以考虑多找一些范文来进行参考，毕竟GRE考试的官方作文题库已经公开多年，许多题目其实都是能找到高分甚至满分范文的，大家对照着机经中的题目把优秀的范文找来参考学习一下，虽然会花费不少时间，但也是相当有效的提升作文水平和得分的学习方式。
2. 备考时间相对紧张的同学
而比起上面这些备考时间充裕的同学，学习时间相对紧张的同学想要用好GRE作文机经就需要更多的方法技巧了。作文备考本来就是比较花时间的，这点无论如何节省都很难避免，所以大家要把时间用得更加聪明一些。具体来说，考生拿到机经之后，首先要做的不是直接就跟着题目进行练习，而是结合多场机经做一个简单的梳理工作。小编建议大家尽可能找来最近2年内的GRE作文机经，把所有在实际考试中出现过的作文题目，都按照其出现次数频率进行数据统计，相似题目或是题目素材内容相同但具体写作要求不同的也算成同一个题目，之后根据统计结果把出现频率最高的约30个左右的题目集中起来，这才是大家之后需要具体研究的作文题目。这种做法是为了帮助考生尽量减少备考作文题目的范围，而这些高频题目因为之后再次出现的可能更高，所以才需要保留下来进行深度学习。
在整理出少量的高频作文题目后，接下来的做法和上一类考生相似，也是按照先找范文然后练笔的方式来训练，如果备考时间实在紧张大家就跳过练笔直接使用列提纲的方式来学习好了。另外要注意一点的是多补充写作中需要的案例素材，最好根据题目进行准备。这样不仅能让文章的论述基本逻辑思路框架上不出问题，也可以提升文章的具体内容和论述的说服力。
GRE作文满分词汇盘点
能够able→ capable, in a(ny) position
一直all the time→ continually, continuously, constantly, perpetually
许多地a lot→ noticeably, considerably, a great deal, substantially
许多的a lot of→ many, numerous, a wide variety of (themes), a whole range of, a wide spectrum of (problems, themes, etc),an abundance of (opportunities, sources etc.)
总是always→ invariably
数量amount→ quantity
结果as a result→ consequently
本质上basically→ essentially, in essence, substantially
组成be, amount to→ constitute
下降become smaller→ be on the decline, be on the decrease, decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, recede 等等
变糟糕become worse→ deteriorate
在 之前before→ prior to
开始begin→ commence
更好better→ superior
习惯于be(come) used to→ be accustomed to
严重的，重大的big→ major, significant, substantial
执行carry out→ conduct, execute, commit, implement
更改change→ alter, alteration, modify, modification
办理，执行do→ conduct, transact(business)
未能do not→ fail to, omit to
GRE写作满分作品一例
题目：
“Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little.”
学生们在记忆知识的时候应该先学习有助于解释那些知识的理念、潮流和概念。仅仅死学知识的学生是学不到什么东西的。
正文：
The speaker makes a threshold claim that students who learn only facts learn very little, then concludes that students should always learn about concepts, ideas, and trends before they memorize facts. While I wholeheartedly agree with the threshold claim, the conclusion unfairly generalizes about the learning process. In fact, following the speaker"s advice would actually impede the learning of concepts and ideas, as well as impeding the development of insightfuland useful new ones.
Turning first to the speaker"s threshold claim, I strongly agree that if we learn only facts we learn very little. Consider the task of memorizing the periodic table of elements, which any student can memorize without any knowledge of chemistry, or that the table relates to chemistry. Rote memorization of the table amounts to a bit of mental exercise-an opportunity to practice memorization techniques and perhaps learn some new ones. Otherwise, the student has learned very little about chemical elements, or about anything for that matter.
As for the speaker"s ultimate claim, I concede that postponing the memorization of facts until after one learns ideas and concepts holds certain advantages. With a conceptual framework already in place a student is better able to understand the meaning of a fact, and to appreciate its significance. As a result, the student is more likely to memorize the fact to begin with, and less likely to forget it as time passes. Moreover, in my observation students whose first goal is to memorize facts tend to stop there--for whatever reason. It seems that by focusing on facts first students risk equating the learning process with the assimilation of trivia; in turn, students risk learning nothing of much use in solving real world problems.
Conceding that students must learn ideas and concepts, as well as facts relating to them, in order to learning anything meaningful, I nevertheless disagree that the former should always precede the latter--for three reasons. In the first place, I see know reason why memorizing a fact cannot precede learning about its meaning and significance--as long as the student does not stop at rote memorization. Consider once again our hypothetical chemistry student. The speaker might advise this student to first learn about the historical trends leading to the discovery of the elements, or to learn about the concepts of altering chemical compounds to achieve certain reactions--before studying the periodic table. Having no familiarity with the basic vocabulary of chemistry, which includes the information in the periodic table, this student would come away from the first two lessons bewildered and confused in other words, having learned little.
In the second place, the speaker misunderstands the process by which we learn ideas and concepts, and by which we develop new ones. Consider, for example, how economics students learn about the relationship between supply and demand, and the resulting concept of market equilibrium, and of surplus and shortage. Learning about the dynamics of supply and demand involves (1) entertaining a theory, and perhaps even formulating a new one, (2) testing hypothetical scenarios against the theory, and (3) examining real-world facts for the purpose of confirming, refuting, modifying, or qualifying the theory. But which step should come first? The speaker would have us follow steps 1 through 3 in that order. Yet, theories, concepts, and ideas rarely materialize out of thin air; they generally emerge from empirical observations--i.e., facts. Thus the speaker"s notion about how we should learn concepts and ideas gets the learning process backwards.
In the third place, strict adherence to the speaker"s advice would surely lead to ill-conceived ideas, concepts, and theories. Why? An idea or concept conjured up without the benefit of data amounts to little more than the conjurer"s hopes and desires. Accordingly, conjurers will tend to seek out facts that support their prejudices and opinions, and overlook or avoid facts that refute them. One telling example involves theories about the center of the universe. Understandably, we ego-driven humans would prefer that the universe revolve around us. Early theories presumed so for this reason, and facts that ran contrary to this ego-driven theory were ignored, while observers of these facts were scorned and even vilified. In short, students who strictly follow the speaker"s prescription are unlikely to contribute significantly to the advancement of knowledge.
To sum up, in a vacuum facts are meaningless, and only by filling that vacuum with ideas and concepts can students learn, by gaining useful perspectives and insights about facts. Yet, since facts are the very stuff from which ideas, concepts, and trends spring, without some facts students cannot learn much of anything. In the final analysis, then, students should learn facts right along with concepts, ideas, and trends.
GRE作文机经高效率提分用法6
GRE作文提分3大主要难点和应对策略介绍
GRE作文成绩的重要性
新GRE作文总分为6分，在总共346分的分数构成中看似不起眼，却是影响申请成功率的重要因素。如果能在作文中取得高分甚至满分的成绩，对于提高申请成功率有着巨大的帮助，特别是申请文科类研究生的考生，GRE作文分数的高低直接体现出了你对英语的掌握和综合运用能力，是各大研究生院入学申请参考审核的重要标准。
GRE作文难点详解
1.考试题材的广度及深度
GRE作文考试题目涉及广泛，遍及人文、历史、哲学、社会学科的众多领域，要求考生具备较宽广的知识面及较强的材料分析能力。对于不少闭门造车，只关注考试缺乏课外阅读量的同学来说会是一个巨大的挑战。
2.逻辑分析能力要求高
GRE作文考试中这方面体现得尤其突出，不仅要求作文词汇和语法的正确性，更看重考生在写作过程中从文章框架，论述结构等多个方面体现出的逻辑思维和分析的能力，行文构思能力不足的考生在面对GRE写作考试时可能会遇到不小的困难。
3. 迅速准确的分析能力
GRE作文要求在限定的时间内完成论点的提炼、论据的选择及文案架构的设计，并最后形成论点清晰、逻辑严密的文章。两篇文章总计1小时，每篇30分钟的时间要求还是比较严格的，要做到又快又好的写出一篇优秀作文，对考生的整体写作能力是一项考验。
GRE作文应对策略
对于上述的这些难点，正对性的进行一些应对准备，还是会对提高分数有不小的帮助。
1. 拓宽知识面，培养材料分析能力
需要考生在平时不要只看题目埋头做题，多补充一些各个领域的知识，拓宽自己的知识面，多涉猎不同的学科，进行知识的累积和储备，在这个过程中也要随时注意对手头阅读材料的分析能力的培养，不要看过就算，而是仔细思考其中隐含的可能考点，做好准备，养成勤于思考的习惯。
2. 提高逻辑分析能力
逻辑分析能力的提升不是朝夕可成的，需要一定的阅读量和练习的积累才能逐渐提高，建议大家在平时的备考训练过程中对于阅读题目加强逻辑思维方面的分析工作，多总结别人的文章是怎么写的，如何进行逻辑论证，同时也可以通过阅读逻辑方面的书籍以及练习题来进行提高。
3. 提高写作效率
同样是需要大量练习的备考工作，平时写作文时，不仅要注重文章质量，更要对练习的完成时间提出高要求，每次写文章都按照考试要求计算时间，强迫自己适应考试的时间节奏，培养出高效的写作分析能力，在平常的练习中要刻意加强快速思辨及准确表达能力的训练，养成有条理、逻辑形文的习惯。
GRE作文题库整理：逻辑问题+是非问题
逻辑问题分析论证句式：
1. The mere fact that ticket sales in recent years for screenplay-based movies have exceeded those for book-based movies is insufficient evidence to conclude that writing screenplays now provides greater financial opportunity for writers.
2. It is possible that fees paid by movie studios for screenplays will decrease in the future relative to those for book rights.
3. The argument fails to rule out the possibility that a writer engage in both types of writing as well as other types.
4. In any event,the advertisement provides no justification for the mutually exclusive choice that it imposes on the writer.
5. The argument simply equates success with movie ticket sales,which is unwarranted.
是非问题分析论证句式：
1. Whereas other societies look to the past for guidance, we cast our nets forward(面向未来).
2. It is the belief in a brighter future that gives us optimism.
3. Even these days,when not all progress seems positive ,the belief remains that for every problem there is a rational solution.
4. The job of the parents is to give the children every opportunity while they are growing up and then get out of their way.
5. What deference people in authority do command is based on their actual powers rather than on their age, wisdom,or dignity.
6. In a society that changes as fast as ours,experience simply does not have the value that it does in traditional societies.
7. It has taken a long time to convince the public that free enterprise does not mean that a company should be free to pollute the air,foul the rivers,and destroy the forests.
GRE作文题库示例三方面讲解
GRE高频作文在备考中的作用其实更像是导航，可以帮助大家更好地了解GRE作文的解题思路，把握住整体的备考方法。以下是一篇GRE高频作文示例，解题如何应对GRE作文，大家可以根据分析找到适合自己的方法，更好的备考。
GRE高频作文示例：
“The concept of ’individual responsibility’ is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions， people’s behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making.”
个人责任的概念是一种有必要的虚构。尽管必须让个人对其行为负责，但是人们的行为很大程度上是由外力而不是自己决定的。
一、题目分析
论述个人责任的，采取了反对的观点。这个题目重点放在了对于行为的责任上面。题目分为两句，后句对于前句基本上是起到支持的作用。
第一句：关键词：responsibility，necessary，fiction.Responsibility的问题在162中已经交代，这里不说了。而necessary fiction是什么意思呢?还是先看看M-W。
Necessary：adj.
1 a : of an inevitable nature : INESCAPABLE b (1) : logically unavoidable (2) : that cannot be denied without contradiction c : determined or produced by the previous condition of things d : COMPULSORY.
2 : absolutely needed : REQUIRED
可以看出，主要是两个意思，一个是不可避免的必然的，一个是绝对需要的。这两个意思都可以，关键在于你的论点和你的定义。
Fiction：n.
1 a : something invented by the imagination or feigned; specifically : an invented story b : fictitious literature (as novels or short stories) c : a work of fiction; especially : NOVEL.
2 a : an assumption of a possibility as a fact irrespective of the question of its truth legal fictionb : a useful illusion or pretense.
3 : the action of feigning or of creating with the imagination.
可以看出1a由想象创造的或假的2a不顾真相的对于可能性的假设，都是可以的。
那么必要的虚构为什么有必要，又为什么是虚构呢?后面做成了解释。
第二句：关键词：actions，behavior，determine，forces从前半句的must看出了对于necessary的解释，论述了让个人对自己行为负责对于社会是一种必要，那么是否是一种必要呢?题目这里用了Although，显然对于这种想法是不支持的，但是一个绝对的must 还是肯定了这种现象的存在。我们如果论述necessary的时候要注意到这几点。而且要注意对于actions或者是后半句的behavior的定义，个人的行为是什么样的行为?把这个问题具体化。
后半句论述了fiction的问题，因为人们的行为并不是自己决定的，而是由外力决定的，那么，显然个人对于行为的责任就没有责任了，而个人责任的概念就是一种fiction了。这里还是有三个问题：①怎么算是determine，如果定义为心理精神的角度是不是就可以被个人自己控制，如果说是一种方向范围的限制的话，是否就很可能是外界的环境压力等来控制的呢?②forces是什么?是外界的社会?是政府的控制?是法规的限定?还是别的因素呢?③还有就是largely的问题，同样给我们留出了余地，很大程度就是不是全部，那么个人在一些情况下还是可以负责的，那么是否个人责任就不是fiction 了呢?论述的时候同样要注意到这几点。
二、写法
相对来说，这篇比较好写一点。明确两个问题就可以，一个是，个人责任(对于自己行为的责任)存在不存在(是不是fiction)?另一个是，对于个人责任的要求是否必要(necessary)?
如果选择赞同的观点，可以否定necessary，说明个人责任不是必要的，而支持fiction，个人责任不存在(个人不能决定自己的行为，不能对自己的行为负责)。后面可以接让步，对于largely论述，个人某些时候是可以决定自己行为的，但是主要是由社会等外力决定的。
如果选择反对的观点，可以赞同necessary，说明个人责任对于社会是必要的，而反对fiction，个人责任是存在的(个人能够决定自己的行为，能够对自己的行为负责)。后面可以接让步，社会对于个人行为也是有影响的，但是个人可以自己来决定自己的行为。
三、 定义
responsibility，necessary，fiction，behavior，determine 前三者可以选择M-W中释义的一种。后两个，behavior和determine需要给出自己的观点。到底是什么样的行为呢?是自发的，还是被动的呢? 而怎么算是determine呢?定义为小范围还是大范围呢?内在的还是外在的呢?这些都是需要同学们自己解决的问题。
上述就是一篇GRE高频作文，就如何读题，到如何来写以及如何定义一步步的分析，希望可以供大家参考。预祝大家取得理想的GRE写作高分。
GRE作文机经高效率提分用法7
GRE作文提分3大主要难点和应对策略介绍
GRE作文成绩的重要性
新GRE作文总分为6分，在总共346分的分数构成中看似不起眼，却是影响申请成功率的重要因素。如果能在作文中取得高分甚至满分的成绩，对于提高申请成功率有着巨大的帮助，特别是申请文科类研究生的考生，GRE作文分数的高低直接体现出了你对英语的掌握和综合运用能力，是各大研究生院入学申请参考审核的重要标准。
GRE作文难点详解
1.考试题材的广度及深度
GRE作文考试题目涉及广泛，遍及人文、历史、哲学、社会学科的众多领域，要求考生具备较宽广的知识面及较强的材料分析能力。对于不少闭门造车，只关注考试缺乏课外阅读量的同学来说会是一个巨大的挑战。
2.逻辑分析能力要求高
GRE作文考试中这方面体现得尤其突出，不仅要求作文词汇和语法的正确性，更看重考生在写作过程中从文章框架，论述结构等多个方面体现出的逻辑思维和分析的能力，行文构思能力不足的考生在面对GRE写作考试时可能会遇到不小的困难。
3. 迅速准确的分析能力
GRE作文要求在限定的时间内完成论点的提炼、论据的选择及文案架构的设计，并最后形成论点清晰、逻辑严密的文章。两篇文章总计1小时，每篇30分钟的时间要求还是比较严格的，要做到又快又好的写出一篇优秀作文，对考生的整体写作能力是一项考验。
GRE作文应对策略
对于上述的这些难点，正对性的进行一些应对准备，还是会对提高分数有不小的帮助。
1. 拓宽知识面，培养材料分析能力
需要考生在平时不要只看题目埋头做题，多补充一些各个领域的知识，拓宽自己的知识面，多涉猎不同的学科，进行知识的累积和储备，在这个过程中也要随时注意对手头阅读材料的分析能力的培养，不要看过就算，而是仔细思考其中隐含的可能考点，做好准备，养成勤于思考的习惯。
2. 提高逻辑分析能力
逻辑分析能力的提升不是朝夕可成的，需要一定的阅读量和练习的积累才能逐渐提高，建议大家在平时的备考训练过程中对于阅读题目加强逻辑思维方面的分析工作，多总结别人的文章是怎么写的，如何进行逻辑论证，同时也可以通过阅读逻辑方面的书籍以及练习题来进行提高。
3. 提高写作效率
同样是需要大量练习的备考工作，平时写作文时，不仅要注重文章质量，更要对练习的完成时间提出高要求，每次写文章都按照考试要求计算时间，强迫自己适应考试的时间节奏，培养出高效的写作分析能力，在平常的练习中要刻意加强快速思辨及准确表达能力的训练，养成有条理、逻辑形文的习惯。
以上就是关于GRE作文难点的详解和应对策略的介绍，希望能对大家的GRE作文备考有所帮助。
GRE Issue写作范文详细解析
Topic
The following is a letter to the editor of an environmental magazine：“The decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide clearly indicates the global pollution of water and air. Two studies of amphibians in Yosemite National Park in California confirm my conclusion. In 1915 there were seven species of amphibians in the park, and there were abundant numbers of each species. However, in 1992 there were only four species of amphibians observed in the park, and the numbers of each species were drastically reduced. The decline in Yosemite has been blamed on the introduction of trout into the park"s waters, which began in 1920 (trout are known to eat amphibian eggs). But the introduction of trout cannot be the real reason for the Yosemite decline because it does not explain the worldwide decline.”
Sample Essay
In this argument, the writer of the letter concludes that global pollution of water and air has caused a decline in the number of amphibians worldwide. To support his or her conclusion, the writer cites the results of two studies, seventy-five years apart, that purportedly show that the number of amphibians in one park in California, Yosemite National Park, have drastically declined. Additionally, the writer casts aside a given reason for the decline, stating that the introduction of trout to the park (who are known to eat amphibian eggs) does not explain the worldwide decline in the number of amphibians. This argument defies simple logic and suffers from several critical fallacies.
First of all, the argument is based on only two studies in one specific part of the world, Yosemite National Park in California. It is impossible to pinpoint a worldwide theory for the decline of amphibians based on any number of studies in only one specific location in the world - the specific varieties of amphibians, geographical conditions and other location specific variables prohibit such a sweeping generalization. One very specific location cannot be used as a model for all other locations, even within one particular country, let alone the entire world. The writer provides no evidenced whatsoever that links the Yosemite study with any purported effects anywhere else in the global environment.
Secondly, the two separate studies were done seventy-five years apart. There is no evidence that the two studies were conducted in a similar manner over the same duration of time or even over the same exact areas of Yosemite National Park, or that the exact same study methods were used. For example, perhaps the first study lasted over an entire year and was conducted by twenty-five experts in amphibious biology, resulting in the finding of seven species of amphibians in abundant numbers. By contrast, perhaps the second study was conducted over a period of one week by a lone high school student as a school science project. The writer offers no basis on which to compare the two studies, leaving it open as to whether the two are truly comparable in their breadth, scope and expertise.
Finally, the writer notes that the decline in the amphibian population has been blamed on the introduction of trout into the park"s waters in 1920, but then dismisses that argument on the purely specious basis that it does not explain the worldwide decline. This part of the argument blithely dismisses the very relevant fact that trout are known to eat amphibian eggs. This attempt to “prove a negative” is the last resort of those in search of some vain attempt to prove the truth of the matter that they are asserting. It is basically impossible to “prove a negative”; this is an attempt to shift the burden of proof back on to the nonbelievers of the argument. The global environmental situation and that of Yosemite National Park are not perfectly correlated, and the fact that the trout may very well be responsible for the decline cannot simply be dismissed without further proof.
In summary, the writer fails to establish any causal relationship between global air and water pollution and the decline of amphibious life worldwide. The evidence presented is extremely weak at best and narrowly focuses on one tiny area of the globe, as well as putting forward as proof two studies about which almost nothing is known. For a stronger argument, the writer would need to directly put forth evidence associating air and water pollution with not only the decline at Yosemite but also throughout other areas of the world.(599 words)
[题目]
下述文字摘自一封致某环保杂志编辑的信函：“全球两栖动物数量的减少明显标志着全球性水与大气的污染。对加利福尼亚州约塞米蒂国家公园内两栖动物所作的两项研究可证实我的这一结论。19公园内有七个物种的两栖动物，每一物种都拥有丰富的种群数量。然而，1992年，在公园内所能观察到的两栖动物物种仅为四类，且每一物种的种群数量已骤然下降。约塞米蒂公园动物数量减少被归咎于始于19的将鲑鱼引入公园水域的做法(众所周知，鲑鱼喜食两栖动物所产的卵)。但鲑鱼的引入不可能成为约塞米蒂公园动物数量减少的真正原因，因为它无法来解释全球范围内的动物数量减少。”
[范文正文]
在本项论述中，信函作者的结论是，全球性水与大气污染已致使世界范围内两栖动物的数量减少。为了支持其论点，作者援引了两份时隔75年之久的研究结果，这两份结果据称可证明加利福尼亚州某一公园――即约塞米蒂国家公园――内两栖动物的数量锐减。此外，该作者撇开了动物数量减少的一个已知原因，陈述道，将鲑鱼引入公园(据称，鲑鱼喜食两栖动物所产的卵)这一做法不足以解释世界范围内两栖动物数量上的减少。这一论点有悖于简单的逻辑，犯有一系列关键性的逻辑谬误。
首先，该论点所依据的仅仅是世界上某一特定地点――即加利福尼亚州约塞米蒂国家公园――内的两份研究。围绕着两栖动物数量减少这一问题，如果仅以世界上一个特定的地点为样品，再多数量的研究也无法得出一种精确的、适用于全世界的理论。两栖动物的具体种类、地理状况以及其他因地点而特异的变数均不允许我们作出如此一概而论的总括。一个非常具体的地点不能用作一个代表所有其他地点的模型，即使在一个特定的国家内也不行，更不用说在整个世界范围内了。信函作者没有提供任何证据将约塞米蒂公园的研究与全球环境中任何其他一处地方的任何所宣称的效果联系起来。 其次，所提及的那两项互为独立的研究时隔75年之久。没有证据可证明这两项研究是在相同的时间跨度内以相似的方式进行的，或是在约塞米蒂公园完全相同的地点进行的，或所使用的研究方法绝然相同。
例如，第一项研究可能持续了整整一年之久，且是由两栖动物生物学领域的二十五位专家共同进行的。结果是发现了七大种类数目众多的两栖动物。相反，第二项研究可能是一位高中生孤身一人所做的学校的一个科学课题，仅为期一个星期。信函作者没有提供将此两项研究进行比较的基础，从而使两项研究在其广度、范围以及专业水准方面的可比性不得而知。 最后，信函作者指出，两栖动物种群数量的减少，已被人归咎于1920年将鲑鱼引入公园水域这一做法，但紧接着又以该论据无法解释世界范围内动物数量减少这一似是而非的依据将该论据予以否认。信函作者论述中的这一部分漫不经心地将一个极为相关的事实弃置不顾，即众所周知，鲑鱼喜食两栖动物所产的卵。这种“prove a negative ”的尝试往往是这样一类人所惯用的最后伎俩，他们竭力寻找某种徒劳的尝试，力图去证明他们所宣称的事物的真理。从根本上讲，“prove a negative”是不可能的。这样一种做法是试图将论证的负担重新转嫁给不相信该论据的人。全球的环境情形与约塞米蒂公园的情形并不绝然对应。鲑鱼极有可能造成了两栖动物数量减少这一事实在缺乏进一步证据的情况下是断不能轻易予以否认的。
概括而言，信函作者没能在全球空气和水污染与世界范围内两栖生命数量减少之间建立起任何因果关系。该作者所拿出的证据充其量也是极为苍白无力的，狭隘地将焦点集中在世界的一片极小的区域上，作为证据而援引的两项研究几乎不能说明任何问题。欲使其论点更具力度，信函作者尚需摆出直接的证据，将水和空气污染不仅仅与约塞米蒂公园的两栖动物数量减少联系起来，而且也与世界其他地方的动物数量减少联系起来。
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GRE优秀作文范例参考
正文：
Nowadays there is a growing concern about the role that innovations have played in the field of learning. While most people think that innovations benefit learning process in various ways，different opinions arise that these technology advancements actually distract students from real learning. On balance，according to my personal observation,whether innovations can be beneficial or detrimental to real learning depends on the students and the teachers，not on these innovations themselves.
To begin with，technological innovations do help teaching and learning in various ways.With the aid of these technologies，the process of teaching and learning can be shorter and easier than before. For instance，if a student want certain published papers of an academic discipline，he/she may look through considerable catalogs to find the ones he/she needs. However，with the help of Internet innovation，at present most of these papers are published online. Consequently，to find certain paper the procedure is much easier and shorter，the students just type the key words and other information of the paper，and then the system will search the database，and the papers are there waiting for them. As this new approach can save a lot of time for the students，he/she could have more time reading the papers and absorbing the knowledge rather than checking and looking for the papers that could be a waste of his/her time. This example aptly illustrates how technology advancement benefited the students and their learning process.
Secondly，while innovations can help learning in various ways，it is more important that the central role of the pursuit for knowledge and wisdoms are maintained. What real matters is not the approach but the purpose of learning. In India，where modern technologies are less applied to the learning process than in the US and other developed countries，still a lot of distinguished students achieved their academic goal with their hard work and desires to knowledge. In the US，where the software engineering students are given the most advanced facilities and apparatus for their learning and research，however，it is wildly accepted that they are far less outstanding compared to the Indian students of software，who may share computers in groups. From this comparison we can see that the real and core push of learning is the desire for knowledge，not the help of innovations.
In addition，if not guided properly，the technology advancement might inhibit learning.In other words，innovation can distract the students from real learning than helping them. It is obvious that a computer can help students of science to calculate mathematical equations but can also be used for recreation such as net surfing or computer games. It is highly possible that these students can spend more time and energy on recreations rather than learning when using a computer. Thus，learning is inhibited. Under this circumstance，guidance and restrictions are needed to ensure the right use of innovations for learning，or the consequence may be on the contrary to the students and teachers" desire.
To conclude，technological innovations are beneficial to learning in many ways，but when using these technologies，one should not forget the real purpose of learning and remember not to be distracted for other usages of these innovations that are irrelevant or detrimental to learning. On balance，innovation here serves as a double-edges sword，and its right use is dependent on the students and the teachers.
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